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Standards and reporting

Financed Emissions

Financed emissions reporting connects a defined portfolio, attribution methods and supporting evidence.

What are financed emissions?

UK SRS S2 describes financed emissions as emissions attributed to loans and investments, with additional activity-specific disclosures for asset management, commercial banking and insurance UK SRS S2 paragraphs 29A and B59.

Define the associationRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 04

Population

Identify loans and investments.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The standards overview separates reporting requirements from the accounting methods used to prepare information, while Scope 3 emissions explains the broader inventory.

Which question should be settled before calculating?

This editorial scoping record keeps a portfolio inventory from being mistaken for every climate-related financial-services output.

Editorial preparation questions rather than a new statutory return.
QuestionRecord to retain
Who reports?The legal entity, group and reporting purpose
What is measured?The activity and investment population included
Which method applies?The PCAF part, edition and asset-class approach
What is disclosed?The output requirements, exclusions and judgements
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The GHG Protocol investment guidance distinguishes investment types and managed-investment activities, so its category description should not be silently substituted for UK SRS S2’s own activity requirements GHG Protocol Chapter 15 UK SRS S2 paragraph B59.

What does PCAF add to the reporting process?

PCAF supplies financial-industry accounting methods, with current Part A addressing financed emissions and separate parts addressing facilitation and insurance-associated emissions PCAF current standards.

Choose the right methodRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 04

Edition

Record the actual standard edition rather than a download filename.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The December 2025 Part A third edition is the current financed-emissions method in this guide, not a claim that PCAF is universally mandatory PCAF Part A cover and scope.

The FCA’s issuer rules use comply or explain across UK SRS and do not turn a method selection into an independent compliance verdict PS26/19 paragraphs 1.2 and 3.6.

Which emissions associations must remain distinguishable?

These are different measurement tasks even when one financial group participates in all of them.

A method-navigation comparison, not an instruction to add every measure into a single total.
AssociationRelevant distinction
Lending and investmentFinanced emissions are addressed in PCAF Part A
Capital-market facilitationPart B addresses facilitation rather than balance-sheet financing
Insurance underwritingPart C addresses insurance-associated emissions
Insurer investment assetsUK SRS S2 B63 concerns financed emissions from loans and investments
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Part B and Part C therefore deserve separate population and method decisions rather than being treated as additional labels for the same financed-emissions figure PCAF Part B executive summary PCAF Part C scope UK SRS S2 paragraph B63.

Why does the asset classification matter?

PCAF attribution denominators vary by asset class and counterparty type, so using one portfolio-wide denominator can produce a plausible but unsupported result PCAF Part A Chapter 5.

Classify before dividingRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 04

Instrument

Read the exposure’s actual financing characteristics.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

For business lending to a private company, the method uses total company equity and debt, whereas business lending to a listed company uses EVIC PCAF Part A section 5.2.

How does a simple private-company loan example work?

Fictional example: Rookhaven Bank tests a general-purpose loan to a private company using deliberately simple illustrative figures.

Original fictional arithmetic, not a real portfolio, universal formula for all assets or a full PCAF report.
Illustrative inputValueReview point
Outstanding loan£20 millionReconcile the balance to the selected exposure date
Company equity plus debt£100 millionConfirm the private-company denominator and source
Counterparty emissions for one scope1,000 tCO₂eKeep emissions scope and reporting period explicit
Attributed result200 tCO₂e20 ÷ 100 × 1,000, before any aggregation
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The example illustrates the section 5.2 attribution relationship only, with the same method needing its other applicable measurement and reporting provisions considered PCAF Part A section 5.2.

What should Rookhaven challenge before accepting that result?

A correct multiplication does not establish a complete or comparable inventory because exposure selection, denominator and emissions evidence can each be wrong.

Challenge the inputsRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 04

Exposure

Check repayments and whether the chosen balance is the right input.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The financed-emissions software guide turns this error into a procurement demonstration.

How should data quality be explained?

A quality assessment should reveal the evidence supporting an estimate rather than conceal different scopes and asset classes inside one attractive score.

Editorial reading aid rather than a reproduction of the standard’s scoring tables.
Quality questionUseful reporting distinction
Which hierarchy?Use the relevant asset-class method and edition
Which direction?PCAF scores run from 1 highest quality to 5 lowest
Which emissions scopes?Keep the weighted Scope 3 score separate where reported
Which weighted summary?Explain the outstanding-amount weighting and its coverage
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

PCAF says institutions should publish an outstanding-amount-weighted score or explain inability, and separately report the weighted Scope 3 score when reporting those emissions PCAF Part A section 6, page 167.

The joint PCAF/CDP paper explains why lower-quality starting estimates should lead to improvement rather than silence PCAF/CDP data-quality paper.

How do the UK and IFRS reporting texts affect the calculation file?

The December 2025 IFRS S2 text includes targeted emissions amendments, while the UK text must be checked for its own provisions and application route IFRS S2 paragraphs 29A–29C UK SRS S2 paragraphs 29A–29C.

Read the actual textRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 04

Activity

Identify the relevant financial-activity disclosure.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

UK paragraph B59A adds reasons, method information and a plan including timeline where same-period reliable financed-emissions estimation is impracticable UK SRS S2 paragraph B59A.

The UK financial-services guide explains the separate issuer and sourcebook routes without implying every regulated firm has a UK SRS obligation.

Does a portfolio decrease prove real-economy decarbonisation?

This editorial movement review separates changes in measurement and portfolio composition from changes in underlying counterparty emissions.

A preparation analysis, not a causal claim that financing changes produce emissions reductions.
Possible driverEvidence to compare
Loan repaymentOutstanding exposure and the attribution change
Changed counterparty emissionsComparable activity and emissions information
New source or estimateInput vintage and methodological change
Portfolio disposalThe population removed from the inventory
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

PCAF Part A addresses fluctuation analysis, while UK SRS S2 requires explanation of changes to measurement approach, inputs and assumptions PCAF Part A reporting provisions UK SRS S2 paragraph 29(a)(iii).

Does using PCAF make the disclosure independently assured?

A named calculation method is distinct from an independent assurance engagement with specified information, criteria, period and level ISSA (UK) 5000 paragraphs 75–80 and 190.

Separate the claimRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 04

Method

Identify the calculation basis actually used.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

UK SRS S1’s measurement-uncertainty requirements help keep estimation limitations visible in a reporting context UK SRS S1 paragraphs 77–82.

The UK SRS assurance guide distinguishes preparation from assurance, and consultancy procurement helps define the remaining measurement work.

Which claims need a final wording check?

Make the statement match the method, evidence and work actually completed.

Editorial claim checks, not approved replacement marketing language.
Draft claimBetter review question
“PCAF mandatory for every lender”Which actual instrument applies to this entity?
“All portfolio data verified”Which sources or disclosures were independently assessed?
“One score proves quality”Which scope, method and population does the score describe?
“GHG Protocol approved current edition”Which edition and asset classes received the stated review?
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

PCAF states that additions in later editions and December 2025 methods have not yet been reviewed by GHG Protocol, so the historical conformance mark cannot be expanded to all current content PCAF Built on GHG Protocol statement.

What should a reviewer be able to reconstruct?

Keep the population and method decisions beside the result so a successor can understand the inventory without rebuilding the preparer’s memory.

Preserve the reasoningRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 04

Population

Exposure reconciliation and exclusions.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

A software procurement brief can require this export, while the Scope 3 guide explains the wider disclosure context.

How can the team prepare the inventory?

This editorial sequence supports preparation rather than certification or a prescribed legal process.

  1. 101

    Define the purpose

    Identify entity, reporting route and intended output.
  2. 202

    Reconcile exposures

    Freeze the selected investment and lending population.
  3. 303

    Classify the methods

    Record asset class, PCAF part and edition.
  4. 404

    Match counterparties

    Resolve legal-entity and source-coverage mismatches.
  5. 505

    Select the inputs

    Retain dates, denominators and estimation evidence.
  6. 606

    Calculate by scope

    Keep attribution and emissions-scope results distinguishable.
  7. 707

    Review quality

    Apply method-specific hierarchies and explain limitations.
  8. 808

    Explain movements

    Separate portfolio, activity and methodological changes.
  9. 909

    Approve and retain

    Preserve the publication, decisions and reproducible calculation file.

Which specialist buyer or assessment workflow fits the next task?

Use the detailed workflow for the actual study, operational record, assessment or submission being commissioned.

Choose the guide for the actual study, scheme, reporting population or evidence handover.
Reader questionDetailed guide
How does portfolio target-setting differ from financed-emissions accounting?SBTi financial institutions

Frequently asked

Questions people ask

Is PCAF reporting mandatory in the UK?

PCAF is a method choice rather than a universal UK obligation, and the relevant reporting route must be assessed separately.

Which PCAF edition does this guide use?

It uses Part A Third Edition, December 2025, while Part B and Part C address different emissions associations.

Is EVIC the denominator for every company?

No, the private-company business-loan method uses equity plus debt while listed-company business lending uses EVIC.

Does a lower PCAF score mean worse data?

PCAF uses 1 for highest quality and 5 for lowest within its relevant method hierarchies.

Are insurer investment and underwriting emissions the same?

No, UK SRS S2 B63 addresses financed loans and investments while PCAF Part C addresses insurance-associated emissions.

Can poor data be treated as zero emissions?

A data limitation needs an appropriate estimation and disclosure assessment rather than an invented zero.

Sources

Primary sources

Primary provisions and official owner guidance checked on 26 October 2026; historical and draft resources are labelled in the guide.

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