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ESRS and CSRD

Consultancy

UK SRSThe UK Sustainability Reporting Standards, ESOS, SECR and TCFD, read against the published text.HUBUK SRS GuideAn independent reference guide to UK SRS, ESG, TCFD, SECR, ESOS and the global standards.YOU ARE HEREGlobal Reporting StandardsSustainability reporting standards worldwide: ISSB, the EU CSRD after Omnibus I, California SB 253 and SB 261, and UK SRS.UK SRS StandardsUK SRS S1 and S2 at the provision: reliefs, comply or explain, and the FCA statements.ESOS QuestESOS Phase 4 in depth: qualification, the audit, sign-off, action plans and penalties, read against the Regulations.SRS EngineeringThe data build behind a UK SRS report: metrics, owners, controls and timing.SRS ReportWhat a UK SRS report contains, how it is assembled, and how to read one.UK SRS ReportAnalysis and commentary: CDP, the DESNZ emission factors, SECR and ESOS, with every figure cited.UK SRS NewsThe cluster's news publication, and what a UK SRS report contains.UK SRS DeliveryTemplates, costs, ESOS delivery guides and readiness assessment.UK SRS FinanceFinanced emissions, PCAF and IFRS S1/S2 for banks, insurers and asset managers.SECRStreamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting: deadlines, thresholds, eligibility and guidance.Carbon CreditsCarbon credit ratings, risk analysis, valuation and market structure.Environmental RegimesThe eight UK environmental reporting regimes, their thresholds, deadlines and regulators.UK SRS ServicesThe services arm: ESOS, SECR, net zero and sustainability consultancy.

Standards and reporting

CSRD thresholds

A CSRD threshold decision needs the reporting year, legal route and measurement boundary before turnover or employee figures can answer the scope question.

Which threshold route are you testing?

Separate an EU undertaking’s own reporting, a parent’s consolidated reporting and the third-country report publication route Directive 2026/470, Article 2 points 4, 5 and 13.

Choose the routeRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Entity

Assess the undertaking under Article 19a.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

This guide focuses on a decision record rather than replacing the CSRD overview.

Record the legal entity, group perimeter, reporting year and applicable Member State before starting a numerical comparison.

What is the EU undertaking threshold?

From FY2027 the amended EU scope requires net turnover above €450 million and more than 1,000 average employees during the financial year, cumulatively Article 2 point 4 and Article 3.

Core EU-level scope screen, subject to legal form, route, exclusions and national implementation.
TestMeaningBoundary check
TurnoverExceed €450 million net turnover.Record the reporting entity and calculation basis.
EmployeesExceed 1,000 average employees.Use the relevant average and financial year.
LogicBoth conditions must be exceeded.Do not substitute an OR test.
DateApply the correct financial-year regime.Do not use the new test to cancel an earlier duty automatically.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Exactly €450 million or exactly 1,000 average employees does not exceed the respective threshold, so avoid the loose shorthand 1,000-plus where equality matters Article 2 point 4.

How does the AND test work in practice?

Compare both measurements separately and retain the reasons for the route and reporting-year selection.

Keep both measuresRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Fictional Alder EU

€470 million turnover and 1,020 average employees exceed both figures.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

These invented boundary examples illustrate only the amended numerical screen and do not determine any real company’s legal reporting position.

The conclusion field should say which test was met rather than recording a bare yes or no.

Keep the evidence for turnover and employee measurement alongside the applicable national-law review.

How is the consolidated-group test different?

The amended Article 29a test assesses the parent’s group on a consolidated basis against the same cumulative turnover and employee figures Article 2 point 5.

Suggested scope-file fields rather than prescribed statutory columns.
RecordUseful evidenceAvoid
Group boundaryParent and relevant consolidation perimeter.A single subsidiary’s numbers as the whole-group answer.
Consolidated turnoverFinance-supported consolidated measurement.Unexplained addition of entity revenues.
Average employeesGroup measurement and methodology.Combining inconsistent reporting periods.
Route decisionArticle 29a conclusion and exemption review.Assuming a parent report automatically resolves every subsidiary duty.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Group membership alone does not establish a subsidiary exemption because the relevant conditions, reporting basis and publication arrangements must be checked Article 2 points 4 and 5.

What is the third-country turnover test?

Article 40a requires third-country group or individual EU net turnover exceeding €450 million in each of the last two consecutive financial years, together with a qualifying EU presence Article 2 point 13.

Two years plus presenceRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

EU turnover

Measure turnover generated in the Union rather than worldwide turnover.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Do not add a 1,000-employee requirement to Article 40a, because that is a different route from Articles 19a and 29a.

A UK group can therefore need separate records for an EU subsidiary’s own duty and the eventual third-country report publication route.

The CSRD UK guide explains the wider UK-group context.

Which EU subsidiary or branch qualifies?

The amended route uses a subsidiary exceeding €200 million net turnover in the preceding financial year, or a branch exceeding that amount where the third-country undertaking has no qualifying subsidiary Article 2 point 13.

The qualifying-presence test is separate from the EU entity-and-group scope test.
RouteMeasurementAdditional condition
EU subsidiaryNet turnover above €200 million in the preceding financial year.Check the third-country undertaking’s two-year EU-turnover test.
EU branchNet turnover above €200 million in the preceding financial year.The branch route applies where there is no qualifying subsidiary.
Reporting taskPublication and accessibility of the third-country sustainability report.Do not confuse this with the subsidiary’s own report.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

A group with substantial EU sales is not automatically within Article 40a without checking the qualifying-presence limb.

Article 40a reporting begins for FY2028, while the dedicated ESRS-40a content standard remains an exposure draft as at 26 October 2026 Article 5(2)(d) EFRAG consultation release.

What should a third-country decision record show?

A useful record retains both EU-turnover years and the qualifying EU presence rather than replacing the test with a global revenue figure.

Trace the EU routeRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Fictional Northstar

Record €460 million and €480 million EU turnover in consecutive years.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The fictional Northstar case illustrates the numerical limbs only and does not establish scope, timing, equivalence or exemption for an actual group.

Record whether the figures relate to the third-country group or individual undertaking and why that level is appropriate.

Do not use worldwide turnover in place of Union turnover.

What happens to FY2025 and FY2026 obligations?

The Omnibus permits Member States to exempt relevant undertakings below either new threshold for FY2025–FY2026, but that option is not an automatic EU-wide cancellation Article 3 point 1(c).

A review checklist rather than a survey of all national implementations.
QuestionRecordWhy it matters
Which year?Financial-year start and reporting history.Earlier and later regimes differ.
Which Member State?Applicable national measures.The transitional exemption is a national option.
Which logic?Not exceeding turnover OR employees.The exemption logic differs from the cumulative scope test.
What conclusion?Reasoned national-law decision.A consolidated EU text alone does not settle the earlier report.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The 2025 stop-the-clock directive and the later substantive Omnibus must be read together rather than relying on the original CSRD wave dates Directive 2025/794 Original CSRD.

Can a subsidiary rely on its parent’s report?

An exemption needs the applicable conditions satisfied, including the relevant consolidated reporting and publication arrangements, rather than merely the existence of a parent Article 2 points 4 and 5.

Check the conditionsRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Reporting basis

Identify the permitted standards or applicable equivalence route.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

For a third-country-parent exemption, EU Taxonomy information covering the exempted EU undertaking’s activities remains part of the conditions Article 2 point 4 Regulation 2020/852, Article 8.

Financial holding undertakings also have specific provisions that must not be generalised to every investment group Article 2 points 5 and 13.

Which nearby tests should stay separate?

Reporting scope, information materiality and related sustainability regimes answer different questions Directive 2026/470 Revised ESRS.

A separation of decision records, not a complete compliance map.
TestPurposeCommon error
CSRD thresholdsWho reports under the relevant route.Using datapoint materiality as a scope exemption.
ESRS materialityWhat material information is reported.Treating every workbook row as mandatory.
Taxonomy reliefSpecified assessment simplifications.Calling an assessment relief a general CSRD exemption.
Value-chain capLimits certain information requests.Treating supplier status as the reporter threshold.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Taxonomy simplification is governed by its own delegated regulation and does not create a universal CSRD scope percentage Regulation 2026/73.

Does a customer questionnaire make you a CSRD reporter?

No: the value-chain cap concerns requests for CSRD information and does not itself impose a supplier reporting duty Commission explanation, 6 May 2026 Article 2 point 4.

Separate the requestRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Reporter

Identify the undertaking with the relevant reporting duty.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The cap covers only the datapoints specified in Annex II of the voluntary-standard regulation, rather than every possible voluntary disclosure Regulation 2026/1560, Article 3 and Annex II.

Record contractual and other-law considerations separately rather than assuming the cap cancels every request.

The VSME guide explains the voluntary reporting route.

Does revised ESRS change the scope calculation?

No: revised ESRS determines reporting content, while the substantive scope changes come from the amending directive Directive 2026/470 Regulation 2026/1563.

Separate records prevent one date from being used for every change.
RecordSourceDecision
ScopeDirective and applicable national measures.Entity, group or third-country route.
Reporting contentApplicable ESRS version.Requirements and material information.
Voluntary standardRegulation 2026/1560.Chosen voluntary response and cap context.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The Commission’s July announcement concerns the standards package rather than a replacement for the scope instrument Commission adoption release.

Use CSRD software or CSRD consultancy briefs to request the actual scope decision record before building the reporting workflow.

What should a completed scope record contain?

Keep the route, year, measurements, sources, national-law check and exemption reasoning together so another reviewer can follow the conclusion.

Make it reviewableRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Inputs

Financial year, entity, group boundary and measured figures.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The original fictional examples on this page illustrate boundary logic rather than offering a company-specific legal determination.

Preserve earlier conclusions and record what changed instead of overwriting the history.

How should a team review CSRD thresholds?

This editorial sequence organises a scope review rather than prescribing a statutory procedure.

  1. 101

    Identify the year

    Record the financial-year start and history.
  2. 202

    Identify the route

    Separate entity, consolidated group and third-country tests.
  3. 303

    Fix the boundary

    Define the relevant undertaking or group.
  4. 404

    Collect measurements

    Retain turnover and employee evidence where relevant.
  5. 505

    Check precise logic

    Apply exceedance, cumulative conditions and reference periods.
  6. 606

    Check national measures

    Review applicable domestic implementation and transitional options.
  7. 707

    Assess exemptions

    Retain every condition and residual duty.
  8. 808

    Review the conclusion

    Challenge assumptions and preserve evidence.
  9. 909

    Plan reporting

    Select the content standard only after scope is understood.

Frequently asked

Questions people ask

Is the EU threshold 1,750 employees?

No: the adopted amended test exceeds 1,000 average employees and €450 million net turnover cumulatively.

Does exactly €450 million meet the turnover test?

The provision says exceed, so equality does not exceed the threshold.

Does a group use consolidated figures?

The amended Article 29a test applies on a consolidated basis.

Does Article 40a use worldwide turnover?

Its €450 million limb concerns turnover in the Union for each of the last two consecutive financial years.

Are all FY2026 reports cancelled below the new threshold?

No: the FY2025–FY2026 exemption is a Member State option and needs the applicable national-law check.

Does a questionnaire make a supplier subject to CSRD?

No: the value-chain cap does not itself impose an obligation to provide information.

Sources

Primary sources

Primary provisions and official owner guidance checked on 26 October 2026; historical and draft resources are labelled in the guide.

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