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ESRS and CSRD

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UK SRSThe UK Sustainability Reporting Standards, ESOS, SECR and TCFD, read against the published text.HUBUK SRS GuideAn independent reference guide to UK SRS, ESG, TCFD, SECR, ESOS and the global standards.YOU ARE HEREGlobal Reporting StandardsSustainability reporting standards worldwide: ISSB, the EU CSRD after Omnibus I, California SB 253 and SB 261, and UK SRS.UK SRS StandardsUK SRS S1 and S2 at the provision: reliefs, comply or explain, and the FCA statements.ESOS QuestESOS Phase 4 in depth: qualification, the audit, sign-off, action plans and penalties, read against the Regulations.SRS EngineeringThe data build behind a UK SRS report: metrics, owners, controls and timing.SRS ReportWhat a UK SRS report contains, how it is assembled, and how to read one.UK SRS ReportAnalysis and commentary: CDP, the DESNZ emission factors, SECR and ESOS, with every figure cited.UK SRS NewsThe cluster's news publication, and what a UK SRS report contains.UK SRS DeliveryTemplates, costs, ESOS delivery guides and readiness assessment.UK SRS FinanceFinanced emissions, PCAF and IFRS S1/S2 for banks, insurers and asset managers.SECRStreamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting: deadlines, thresholds, eligibility and guidance.Carbon CreditsCarbon credit ratings, risk analysis, valuation and market structure.Environmental RegimesThe eight UK environmental reporting regimes, their thresholds, deadlines and regulators.UK SRS ServicesThe services arm: ESOS, SECR, net zero and sustainability consultancy.

Standards and reporting

ESRS E1 climate change

ESRS E1 explains climate reporting under the European Sustainability Reporting Standards, from transition plans and risk to energy, emissions and financial effects.

Which ESRS E1 version should you use?

The revised standard applies to financial years beginning from 1 January 2027, with specified choices for FY2026 under Article 2 Regulation 2026/1563, Articles 2–3.

Fix the versionRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Report year

Record the financial-year start before choosing a requirement reference.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Do not attach revised paragraph numbers to an older reporting basis, because emissions move from the original E1-6 to revised E1-8 Original ESRS E1.

The ESRS overview explains the wider standard set, while CSRD requirements address the separate question of who reports Directive 2026/470.

The SBTi Corporate Net-Zero Standard guide explains version selection, target evidence and the distinction between target validation and achievement.

Does every reporter disclose all of E1?

E1 applies where climate relates to material impacts, risks or opportunities, and information selection follows the materiality assessment ESRS E1 paragraphs 1–2; ESRS 1 paragraphs 24–30.

A reporting decision map, not a complete materiality assessment.
DecisionReporting consequenceEvidence to retain
Material climate matterDetermine the material information for the relevant topic or sub-topic.IRO record and reasoned information selection.
Climate concluded immaterialExplain the basis for the conclusion when omitting all E1 requirements.Basis supporting ESRS 2 IRO-2 paragraph 37(b).
Immaterial prescribed informationDo not disclose it as required information, subject to the supplementary-information exception.Reference the judgement and any separate supplementary presentation.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

An impact can make a matter material without a separate financially material risk, so a double-materiality process must not become a requirement to pass both lenses ESRS 1 paragraphs 23–26.

What belongs in a transition-plan disclosure?

E1-1 describes a plan’s key features or, if the specified plan is absent, states that fact and whether and when adoption is expected ESRS E1 paragraphs 12–13.

Show the planRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Transformation

Connect targets and decarbonisation levers with strategy and business model.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

A reporting duty about a transition plan is not itself a requirement to adopt a plan, and an absent-plan disclosure should not pretend that a draft presentation is an approved strategy ESRS E1 paragraph 13.

For the fictional Alder Components example, the review file distinguishes a board-approved furnace replacement from an unfunded option awaiting a network connection.

Must E1 use climate scenario analysis?

Revised E1-2 specifies scenario information if scenario analysis is used, while also requiring an explanation of risk identification and assessment methodology ESRS E1 paragraphs 15–17 and AR 6.

Editorial review prompts tied to the revised requirements.
RecordUseful distinctionAvoid
Risk classificationPhysical hazard versus transition event or trend.Treating every climate issue as a physical risk.
Exposure methodSites and value-chain activities assessed over relevant time horizons.A generic description without the scope assessed.
Scenarios if usedScenario ranges, assumptions, operations and timing.Claiming scenario use where no analysis exists.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The joint ESRS–ISSB interoperability guidance was issued for the earlier ESRS, so use it as a dated mapping aid rather than proof that revised E1 and IFRS S2 are identical 2024 interoperability guidance.

How often must resilience be analysed?

E1 requires the assessment at the reporting date but does not require a fresh resilience analysis annually; updating the climate-IRO assessment triggers an update ESRS E1 paragraph 19 and AR 9.

Explain resilienceRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Results

Show implications for strategy and business model.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Alder’s fictional heat-risk record follows a rented assembly site through a sensitivity review, cooling option and finance review, keeping the lease boundary visible.

The reviewer asks what changed in the underlying assessment rather than merely replacing the date on last year’s narrative.

How do policies, actions and targets fit together?

E1-4, E1-5 and E1-6 draw on the general disclosure requirements for policies, actions and targets, with climate-specific additions ESRS E1 paragraphs 20–24.

The example is invented and does not establish conformity.
LayerReader should understandFictional evidence
PolicyThe commitment and its scope.Approved energy policy with exclusions.
ActionResources and decarbonisation levers.Furnace-project budget and operating timetable.
TargetCoverage, methodology and intended result.Separate target-boundary and inventory-boundary note.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Keep achieved and expected reductions distinct when describing actions, and disclose the absence of policies, actions or targets where applicable rather than manufacturing a commitment E1 paragraph 22; ESRS 2 paragraph 39.

Can credits meet an E1 reduction target?

GHG reduction targets are gross targets, so removals, carbon credits and avoided emissions do not count as means of achieving them ESRS E1 AR 12.

Keep targets grossRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Coverage

Identify the emissions scopes and their shares where combined.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

A fictional target covering two factories cannot silently stand for an inventory that also includes a distribution centre.

Use a scope-coverage reconciliation and the target methodology, rather than an unsupported claim that an external logo proves all reporting requirements are met ESRS E1 paragraph 24.

How should energy consumption be organised?

E1-7 reports own-operations energy consumption in MWh, split between fossil, nuclear and renewable sources, with further conditions for high-climate-impact sectors ESRS E1 paragraphs 26–28.

Editorial controls; fictional records are not official ESRS table rows.
Source recordReview questionOutput control
Metered electricityDoes consumption match the reporting period and operations boundary?Retain unit conversion and reconciliation.
Purchased fuelDo records represent consumption rather than an unexplained purchase balance?Explain the calculation method.
Renewable classificationWhat evidence supports the stated source?Keep contracts and classification rationale together.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Energy quantities and emissions quantities answer different questions, so preserve both the consumption record and the emission-factor calculation instead of substituting one for the other.

Which emissions belong in E1-8?

E1-8 reports gross Scope 1, both location-based and market-based Scope 2, and significant Scope 3 categories as a total and per category ESRS E1 paragraph 30.

Preserve the scopesRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Boundary

Financial control is the default, with equity-share and operational-control alternatives subject to ESRS provisions.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

ESRS requirements prevail where an underlying GHG methodology differs, including the boundary provisions identified in AR 19 ESRS E1 AR 19–20.

The GHG Protocol corporate standard supports the inventory method, with the original Corporate Standard available from the owner.

Review Scope 2 emissions alongside the contractual-instrument quality criteria, and retain the significant-category reasoning behind Scope 3 emissions Scope 2 Guidance Scope 3 Standard.

Where do credits and carbon prices belong?

E1-9 and E1-10 provide separate information about removals, credits and internal carbon pricing rather than reducing the gross emissions inventory ESRS E1 paragraphs 33–37 and AR 20(d).

A practical separation of records, not a prescribed software architecture.
LedgerRecordDo not confuse with
Gross inventoryActivity, factors, methods and emissions.Emissions after subtracting purchased credits.
Credits and removalsProject information, cancellation status and relevant claims.A replacement for gross reduction progress.
Internal carbon pricingDecision use, scheme average price and consistency with financial assumptions.The market purchase price of an offset.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

The fictional procurement file records credits purchased and credits cancelled separately, allowing the reviewer to trace a public claim without changing the gross inventory.

Does phase-in remove all E1 financial effects?

No: anticipated-financial-effect reliefs preserve specified asset-risk disclosures in E1-11 paragraphs 39(a)(b) and 40(a)(b) ESRS 1 paragraphs 125–127.

Read the exceptionRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Physical risk

Trace asset exposure and adaptation coverage.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Wave-one provisions refer to calendar financial years, while other undertakings use their first reporting years, so do not apply one generic postponement date ESRS 1 paragraphs 125–127.

Alder’s fictional reviewer reconciles the exposed asset population to finance records and records the basis of any relief rather than deleting the entire financial-effects worksheet.

What should software and advisers demonstrate?

A useful demonstration follows an individual disclosure from source evidence through judgement to the published location, while keeping draft supporting resources separate from the legal standard EFRAG explanatory note, paragraph 1.

Editorial buying tests; this site has not tested or endorsed a product.
TestExpected demonstrationReader benefit
Version controlShow original and revised references without overwriting historical reports.A reproducible reporting basis.
Evidence lineageFollow one emission result back to activity, factor and review.A reviewable calculation.
Materiality and reliefRecord the reason for omission and surviving disclosures.An explained decision rather than an empty cell.
Read the detailed guidance and evidence

Use the CSRD software guide and CSRD consultancy guide to define the handover, rather than treating a completed dashboard as a reporting opinion.

EFRAG’s historical implementation guidance relates to the 2023 ESRS, while the 2026 draft datapoints list and draft taxonomy are supporting resources with distinct roles EFRAG implementation guidance Draft list release Draft taxonomy release.

What makes a disclosure traceable?

A useful register connects the selected requirement to its evidence, reporting judgement and final report location.

Trace one answerRequirements and evidence

Module 01 / 03

Source

Retain the meter batch, contract, approved plan or finance population used.

Read the detailed guidance and evidence

In the fictional Alder file, electricity record E-14 links to meter batch M17 and factor register F4, while its separate market-based result links to contractual evidence.

This example illustrates evidence organisation and does not establish conformity.

How can you review an E1 evidence file?

This editorial sequence helps a reviewer follow the reporting basis, judgements and calculations without treating the sequence as a statutory procedure.

  1. 101

    Fix the reporting basis

    Record the year, chosen ESRS version and source-read date.
  2. 202

    Retain materiality reasoning

    Link climate matters and information selection to the underlying assessment.
  3. 303

    Separate plan status

    Distinguish approved plans, options and any required absence statement.
  4. 404

    Trace risk and resilience

    Follow the methods, assumptions and update decisions.
  5. 505

    Reconcile policies and delivery

    Connect commitments to resources, actions and progress.
  6. 606

    Reconcile inventory and targets

    Show differences in geography, entities and gases.
  7. 707

    Keep separate ledgers

    Review energy, gross emissions, removals, credits and internal prices.
  8. 808

    Review financial connections

    Check exposure populations, assumptions and any relief carve-outs.
  9. 909

    Record review and publication

    Retain review changes and the location of each disclosed item.

Frequently asked

Questions people ask

Does revised ESRS E1 already apply to every 2026 report?

No: Article 3 applies it to financial years beginning from 1 January 2027, while Article 2 provides specified FY2026 choices.

Must a company have a transition plan?

E1-1 requires a description of the specified plan or disclosure of its absence and whether and when adoption is expected.

Is annual scenario analysis mandatory under revised E1?

Revised E1 requires scenario disclosures if analysis is used and does not require annual resilience analysis.

Does E1 require both Scope 2 methods?

E1-8 specifies location-based and market-based Scope 2 emissions.

Can carbon credits reduce reported gross emissions?

Purchased credits do not reduce the gross emissions calculation and are reported separately where relevant.

Can software guarantee E1 compliance?

No: the reporting basis, materiality judgements, source evidence and applicable reliefs still require review, and the supporting datapoints list does not replace the standard.

Sources

Primary sources

Primary provisions and official owner guidance checked on 26 October 2026; historical and draft resources are labelled in the guide.

Checked against 12 sources fromOfficial Journal of the European UnionEFRAG Knowledge HubGHG ProtocolIFRS Foundation and EFRAGEFRAGEFRAG Secretariat
  1. Official Journal of the European Union
    Revised ESRS: Regulation (EU) 2026/1563
  2. EFRAG Knowledge Hub
    Revised ESRS E1 delegated-act text
  3. GHG Protocol
    Corporate Accounting and Reporting Standard
  4. GHG Protocol
    Scope 2 Guidance
  5. GHG Protocol
    Corporate Value Chain Scope 3 Standard
  6. IFRS Foundation and EFRAG
    ESRS–ISSB interoperability guidance
  7. EFRAG
    Implementation guidance documents: 2023 ESRS
  8. Official Journal of the European Union
    Original ESRS: Regulation (EU) 2023/2772
  9. EFRAG Secretariat
    Revised ESRS draft datapoints and XBRL explanatory note
  10. EFRAG
    2026 draft datapoints list release
  11. EFRAG
    Revised ESRS draft XBRL taxonomy release
  12. Official Journal of the European Union
    Directive (EU) 2026/470
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